Mitigating Structural Barriers to Global Economic Development in the Least Developed Countries
Keywords:
Millennium Development Goals, Sustainability, Development, LDC statusAbstract
Purpose: The objective of this study explored policy measure to mitigate the structural barriers of global economic development in the least developed countries. The Sustainable Development Agenda 2030 and the Sustainable Development Goals indicate a stronger emphasis on the least developed countries (LDCs), compared to the Millennium Development Goals, which failed to include a precise goal in moving from LDC status. Problem: However, the growing range of environmental and societal challenges is prompted by the failure of the development strategies, with the continued proliferation of weak forms of production and utilization combined with the projected level of population. This encouraged the quest for a new conduit to achieve sustainable development as a possible solution. Findings: Despite the increasing exertions to promote both social and environmental challenges, to attain infrastructure and economic growth, progress remained aloof. This paper particularly looked at how the role of technological innovation plays in support of integrated sustainable development. Findings show that the Sub-Saharan Africa countries are still lacking the secure, adequate and sustainable infrastructure to support economic growth. Methodology: the study is qualitative and data are collected and analyzed. Recommendation: As an achievable solution, this paper suggests the insistent need for a socio-economic change as policy recommendations, this includes the facilitation of an integrated public discourse, scientific proposition, policy and broad use of advanced instruments that guarantee excellence in decision-making and development. Originality: this paper focused on how the role of technological innovation plays in support of integrated sustainable development.
Downloads
References
African Union (2011). Proposal for a Common and Enhanced Trade Preference System for Least Development Countries (LDCs) and Low-Income Countries (LICs), Rev. 1. African Union.
Akyüz, Y. (2012a). The Boom In Capital Flows To Developing Countries: Will It Go Bust Again?. Ekonomi-tek 1(1): 63–95.
Akyuz, Y. (2012b). The Staggering Rise of the South? Research paper no. 44. Geneva: The South Centre.
Akyüz, Y. (2013). Waving or Drowning: Developing Countries after the Financial Crisis. Research paper no. 48. The South Centre. June 2013.
Bryant, R.A. (2008). Reform of IMF Quota Shares and Voting Shares: A Missed Opportunity.
Chang, H-J. (2003). Kicking Away the Ladder – Development Strategy in Historical Perspective. London: Anthem Press.
Enaifoghe, A.O & Adetiba T.C. (2018). South African Economic Development and the SADC Sub-regional Integration, Journal of Economics and Behavioural Studies (JEBS) Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 135-145, February 2018
Enaifoghe, A.O. & Maramura, T.C. (2018). The Quest for Economic Development and the Impacts of Good Governance in Africa. Acta Universitatis Danubius. Administratio, Vol 10, No 2 (2018).
Erten, B. and J. A. Ocampo (2012). Super-cycles of Commodity Prices since the Mid-nineteenth Century. DESA Working Paper No. 110. ST/ESA/2006/DW
FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) (2010). The State of Food Insecurity in the World: Addressing Food Insecurity in Protracted Crises. Rome. FAO.
Guzmán, M., José Antonio Ocampo and Joseph A. Stiglitz (2018). Real exchange rate policies for economic development. World Development, vol. 110 (October), pp. 51–62.
Haysom, L. (2018). The gender equality discourse of the Sustainable Development Goals and other instruments: Advancing feminist agendas in Africa? http://g20.org/images/stories/docs/g20/conclu/G20_Leaders_Declaration_2012_1.pdf, accessed 28 November 2020.
IMF (International Monetary Fund) (2012). The Liberalization and Management of Capital Flows: An Institutional View. Washington DC. IMF. 14 November 2012.
Kharas, H. (2008). Measuring the cost of aid volatility. Wolfensohn Center for Development Working Paper, No. 3. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution.
Khor, M. (2012). Food Issues in the Rio+20 Spotlight. South Views. The South Centre. Geneva. July 2012.
Kose, A., C. Otrok, and E. Prasad (2008). Global business cycles: Convergence or decoupling? NBER Working Paper 14292.
Lundvall, B.A (2016). From the economics of knowledge to the learning economy. In Bengt-Åke Lundvall, The Learning Economy and the Economics of Hope. London: Anthem Press.
Mexican G20 Presidency (2012). G20 Leaders Declaration. Available: http://g20.org/images/ stories/docs/g20/conclu/G20_Leaders_Declaration_2012_1.pdf
Montes, M.F. (2013). Capital Account Regulations and Investor Protections in Asia. Policy Brief No. 15, South Centre. Geneva. January 2013.
Montes, M.F. (2014). Obstacles To Development In The Global Economic System. South Centre. Research Papers 51. July 2014
Montes, M.F. and V.V. Popov (2011). Bridging the Gap: A New World Economic Order for Development? In Aftermath: A New Global Economic Order? Craig Calhoun and Georgi Derluguian, eds. New York: Social Science Research Council and New York University Press, pp. 119-148.
Nayyar, D. (2011). The MDGs Beyond 2015. Research paper no. 38. Geneva: The South Centre.
Nissanke, M. and Ferrarini, B. (2004). Debt Dynamics and Contingency Financing: Theoretical Reappraisal of the HIPC Initiative. In Debt Relief for Poor Countries, T.Addison, H.Hansen, and F.Tarp, eds. Basingstoke: Palgrave-Macmillan.
Rodrik, D. (2019). Putting Global Governance in its place. NBER Working Paper, No. 26213. Cambridge, Massachusetts: National Bureau of Economic Research. August
UN Women (2017). The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) And Africa’s Agenda 2063. UN Women Eastern and Southern Africa, Convening Report. Nairobi, April 2017
UNCTAD (2010). The Least Developed Countries Report 2010: Toward a New International Development Architecture for LDCs. Geneva. Sales No E.10.II.D.5.
UNCTAD (2011). Development-Led Globalization: Toward Sustainable and Inclusive Development Paths. Report of the Secretary-General of UNCTAD to UNCTAD XIII. UNCTAD Geneva.
UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) (2008). Accra Declaration. UNCTAD XII. Geneva, UNCTAD.
United Nations (2011). Building productive capacities in the LDCs for inclusive and sustainable development UNCTAD Pre-conference Event for the Fourth United Nations Conference on the Least Developed Countries Palais des Nations, Geneva, 27-29 October 2010. United nations conference on trade and development
United Nations (2015). Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
United Nations (2020). Recovering better: economic and social challenges and opportunities. The United Nations High-level Advisory Board (HLAB) on Economic and Social Affairs.
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (2017). Trade and Development Report 2017— Beyond Austerity: Towards a Global New Deal. Sales No. E.17.II.D.5.
United Nations (2010). World Economic and Social Survey 2010: Retooling Global Development. Sales No. E.10.II.C.1.
Vos, Rob and Manuel F. Montes (2014). Retooling Global Development and Governance. London: Bloomsbury Academic.
World Trade Organization (2010). Global Problems, Global Solutions: Towards Better Global Governance. Printed by WTO Secretariat, Switzerland, 2010
WTO (World Trade Organization) (2001). Doha Ministerial Declaration 14 November 2001.