PREVALENCE OF DEPRESSION IN IRAQI REFUGEES CHILDREN LIVING IN KALAR CAMPS
Keywords:
Depression, Refugee, Iraqi children, CDIAbstract
The Iraqi civil war and conflicts since 2003, have created the largest population of middle-eastern refugees in the past 60 years. Since kids are the most vulnerable fugitives to psychological agitation during the war this study aims to investigate the depression prevalence in Iraqi refugee children in Kallar camps.
This study was a descriptive-analytic study an aimed to investigate the frequency of depression in Iraqi fugitive children(2016-2017). It also tries to determine the relationship between depression and such variables as age, gender, and children's custodianship. The sample included 295 children(144 boy 151 girl 9-12 years old) . They were randomly chosen through Morgan Table. The demographic data of participants were collected through a questionnaire designed by the author consisting of some questions about age, sex, school grade, and children's custody. The data concerning the depression symptoms were collected using Arabic version of Maria Kovacs Depression Inventory (CDI).Data were analysis by spss22 using descriptive statistics, Chi-Squared Test and one-way ANOVA.
Findings showed that 56.6% of the subjects were above cut point and 43.4% under it. The findings confirmed the research hypothesis stating that depression is highly prevalent in Iraqi refugee children. Also there is no significant relationship between depression and gender(p=0.29>0.05).This research find significant relationship between depression and the age of subjects (p=0.00<0.05), school grade (p=0.00<0.05) and type of the custody and the depression prevalence (p=0.00<0.05).
it can be concluded from this research that depression is prevalent disorder in Iraqi refugee children and it has most prevalent in 12-year old children, Grade 6 children). The highly depressed children were the children without guardian or they who were under the custody of relatives. According to this research Iraqi refugee children need more attention.
Downloads
References
Al-Hamzawi AO, Bruffaerts R, Bromet EJ, AlKhafaji AM, Kessler RC. (2015). The Epidemiology of Major Depressive Episode in the Iraqi General Population. PLoS One. Vol.(10) no.(7) pp.( 1-14).
Boehnlein JK, Kinzie JD, Sekiya U, Riley C, Pou K, Rosborough B. (2004). A ten-year treatment outcome study of traumatized Cambodian refugees. J Nerv Ment Dis. Vol. (192) no(10) pp. (658–63).
Bogic et al. (2015). Long-term mental health of war-refugees: a systematic literature review. International Health and Human Rights. Vol. (15). No. (29) pp. (1- 41).
Derluyn I, Broekaert E, Schuyten G. (2008). Emotional and behavioural prob¬lems in migrant adolescents in Belgium. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. Vol. (17) no.(1) pp. (54–62).
Derluyn I1, Mels C, Broekaert E. (2009). Mental health problems in separated refugee adolescents. J Adolesc Health. Vol. (44) p.(3) pp. (291-297).
Derluyn, I., Broekaert, E. (2007). Different perspectives on emotional and behavioural problems in unaccompanied refugee minors. Ethnic Health. Vol. (12) pp. (141–162).
Devi S. (2007). Meeting the health needs of Iraqi refugees in Jordan. Lancet. Vol. (370) no. (9602) pp.(1815–1816).
Fazel, M., Wheeler, J., & Danesh, J. (2005). Prevalence of serious mental disorder in 7000 refugees resettled in western countries; A systematic review. The Lancet. Vol. (365) pp. (1309-1314).
Feyera, F,. Mihretie, G., Bedaso, A., Gedleand, D., Kumera, G. (2015). Prevalence of depression and associated factors among Somali refugee at melkadida camp, southeast Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study BMC Psychiatry. Vol. (15) pp. (171)
Gerritsen AA, Bramsen I, Devillé W, Van Willigen LH, Hovens JE, Van Der Ploeg HM. (2006). Physical and mental health of Afghan, Iranian and Somali asylum seekers and refugees living in the Netherlands. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. Vol. (41) no. (1) pp. (18–26).
Goldeny RD . (2007). An historical note on suicide during the course of treatment for depression. Suicide Life Threat Behav. Vol. (37) no. (1) pp. (116-117).
Hollifield M, Warner TD, Lian N, Krakow B, Jenkins JH, Kesler J, et al.(2002) Measuring trauma and health status in refugees: a critical review. JAMA. Vol. (288) no.(5) pp.(611–21).
McKelvey RS1, Webb JA. (1995). Unaccompanied status as a risk factor in Vietnamese Amerasians. Soc Sci Med. Vol. (41) no.(2) pp.(261-6).
Onyut LP, Neuner F, Ertl V, Schauer E, Odenwald M, Elbert T. (2009). Trauma, poverty and mental health among Somali and Rwandese refugees living in an African refugee settlement-an epidemiological study. Conflict Health. Vol. (3) no. (6) pp. (90–107).
Segal ZV, Williams JMG, Teasdale JD.(2002) Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression: A new approach to preventing relapse. New Yourk: Guilford press.pp. (120-250).
Teodorescu DS, Heir T, Hauff E, Wentzel Larsen T, Lien L. (2012)Mental health problems and post migration stress among multi traumatized refugees attending outpatient clinics upon resettlement to Norway. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. Vol. (53) no. (4) pp. (316–32).
UNHCR.( 2001). Statistics. http://www.unhcr.ch/statist/main.htm.
Wadih J. Najaa,Michaelangelo P. Aouna, Eliane L. El Khouryb, Fabiola J. Bou Abdallah bRamzi S. Haddada. (2016). Prevalence of depression in Syrian refugees and the influence of religiosity. Compr Psychiatry. Vol. (68) pp. (78-85).
